This policy Green Agricultural Policies and Poverty Reduction brief provides a practical guide to successfully designing and implementing green agricultural policies based on the outcomes of more than 20 projects in 17 countries. The policies explored include payments for environmental services, subsidies and unconditional incentives, community-based natural resource management and training and extension services. This policy brief highlights the importance of targeting policies at the poorest people and making it easier for them to participate. It finds that local economic, social and cultural factors should be an important consideration when choosing and implementing policies. In particular policy-makers should consider: the availability of credit; property rights and land ownership arrangements; labour market conditions; the strength of local institutions and legal context; and social and cultural norms.