OECD Database on Policy Instruments for the Environment

The Policy Instruments for the Environment (PINE) database, maintained by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), contains information on environmentally related taxes, fees and charges, tradable permits, deposit-refund systems, environmentally motivated subsidies and voluntary approaches used for environmental policy and natural resource management. The database includes information on 58 countries including OECD member countries, OECD accession candidates and some non-OECD countries.

For each instrument, the following information is available:

• When it was introduced
• What it applies to
• The geographical coverage
• The environmental domains it aims to address
• The industries concerned
• Revenues, costs or rates
• Exemptions