The majority of the world’s current environmental problems can be traced back to industrialisation, particularly since the “great acceleration” in global economic activity since the 1950s. While this delivered impressive gains in human progress and prosperity, it has also led to unintended consequences. Issues such as climate change, unsafe levels of air pollution, depletion of forestry, fishing and freshwater stocks, toxins in rivers and soils, overflowing levels of waste on land and in oceans, and loss of biodiversity and habitats are all examples of the unintended consequences of industrialization on our global environmental commons.