The Global Tailings Review convened by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI), and the International Council on Mining and Metals (ICMM) launched the Global Industry Standard on Tailings Management. The Standard was developed by a multi-disciplinary Expert Panel, with input from a multi-stakeholder Advisory Group. The Standard is further informed by existing best practice and findings from past tailings facility failures. In addition, the Standard underwent a public consultation and commenting period.
Acknowledging community concerns over the impact of tailings dam failures, such as at Mount Polley and Samarco, this report seeks to examine and explain why tailings dam failures continue to occur.
This book is organised as follows: the first chapter examines the pattern of structural transformation in Middle East and North Africa, or MENA and summarises the role of various factors examined thoroughly in the rest of the volume.