The CARISMA Project started in February 2015 and intends, through effective stakeholder consultation and communication, to ensure a continuous coordination and assessment of climate change mitigation options and to benefit research and innovation efficiency, as well as international cooperation on research and innovation and technology transfer.
Research and development (R&D) is increasingly taking place on a global scale across a geographically dispersed set of interlinked units and activities. A prominent feature of the globalization of R&D is the increasing offshoring of R&D to emerging economies, such as India, China and Brazil undertaken by multinational companies (MNCs) based in Europe. Drawing on a review of the literature, consultations with key stakeholders and firm-level case studies in the context of specific climate technologies, this report provides an updated overview of R&D offshoring, focusing on the key drivers and challenges for the MNCs involved. The report concludes by providing recommendations for policies to encourage R&D offshoring further or to limit it.